Muzzle velocity of ar 1511/28/2023 ![]() ![]() The area here is the base of the bullet (equivalent to diameter of barrel) and is a constant. The controlled expansion of gases from burning gunpowder generates pressure (force/area). It is difficult in practice to measure the forces within a gun barrel, but the one easily measured parameter is the velocity with which the bullet exits the barrel (muzzle velocity) and this measurement will be used in examples below. Higher pressures require a bigger gun with more recoil that is slower to load and generates more heat that produces more wear on the metal. More powder can also be used in rifle cartridges because the bullet chambers can be designed to withstand greater pressures (50,000 to 70,000 for rifles psi vs. (Euteneuer and Courts, 2021) Internal, or initial ballistics (within the gun)īullets fired from a rifle will have more energy than similar bullets fired from a handgun. The wounding potential of projectiles is a complex matter. The flight path of a bullet includes: internal travel down the barrel, external path through the air, and terminal path through a target. ![]() 223/5.56.The term ballistics refers to the science of the travel of a projectile in flight. This video, while not a perfect test, gives one short example of 9MM penetrating further than. If you are concerned about over-penetration, your AR-15 is actually a better choice than your Glock 22. 223 was even less prone to over-penetration than 12-gauge buckshot. Real-world testing has corroborated this theory, and in some tests. Because the 55-grain bullet is so much lighter than the 115- or 124-grain bullets typical of 9MM cartridges, the bullet will lose velocity much faster once it hits a solid or semi-solid object. The reason why is because of the lighter weight of the bullet. 223 than it is with a typical handgun round. Pro #2: Less over-penetrationĪt this point, many people will protest “But what about over-penetration? It's just that added speed and power that makes a rifle a bad choice for home defense!” Over-penetration is a possibility, regardless of the round you are firing, which is why it is always so important to observe Universal Firearms Safety Rule #4: Be sure of your target, and what is in line with your target (including behind the target).Īctually, and perhaps counter-intuitively, over-penetration is less of a problem with. 223 round from an AR will continue to pose a threat, it's far less likely than with a handgun. While it's possible that someone shot a time or two with a. There are ample cases of someone being shot multiple times with a 9MM or 45ACP and continuing to fight. That's over 3 times as much punch, and is more than sufficient to deliver fight-stopping hits to an assailant. That round will leave the muzzle at around 3200 fps, delivering 1250 ft-lbs of energy. 223 Remington cartridge, typical in an AR-15. That's plenty of punch, but it pales in comparison to an average 55-grain. If we look at the stats of a typical 9MM 124-grain FMJ, we find that the muzzle velocity of a typical round is around 1100 feet per second (fps), delivering energy of around 340 foot-pounds (ft-lbs). The bottom line, however, is that handguns, regardless of the cartridge they fire, are not particularly powerful when compared to a rifle or shotgun. There is a great deal of debate about the relative merits of various calibers, particularly when discussing handguns. ![]()
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